Match up Vocabulary

Match up a vocabulary term with a definition and then with an example. Be aware that some examples and even definitions may apply to several vocabulary words but there is a "more correct" answer for each term.

Vocabulary Term:

• Directional Selection
• Stabilizing Selection
• Disruptive Selection
• Artificial Selection
• Phenotypic Plasticity
• Intrasexual Selection
• Intersexual Selection
• Industrial Melanism
• Spontaneous Generation
• Transmutation
• Variational Evolution

Definition:

• Simple animals arise from raw meat, piles of rags, or fruit
• One extreme phenotype is more successful in the environment
• Selection that occurs between two males within a population
• Natural Selection: Individuals don't change but instead there's a change in population allele frequency due to variation of individuals
• Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics: Individuals pass on the phenotypic changes acquired during their life
• Model for natural selection in which humans choose what variations are "fit"
• Both extreme phenotypes have higher fitness than the average phenotype
• Selection that occurs between males and females in a population
• Increased rates of darker phenotype in a population of moths
• Two different environments will lead to two different phenotypes in the same genotype
• The average phenotype is more successful in the environment

Example:

• Larger female frogs reproduce more often and produce more offspring causing a shift average female body size in the population
• Disproved by Louis Pasteur in 1862
• Humans create different levels of hemoglobin at different elevations
• Poodles have been bred to be hypoallergenic for humans with allergies
• Intermediate sized male fish are unable to defend space for breeding like the large males and unable to "sneak fertilize" like the smaller male fish
• Male birds of paradise have bright colors that help to attract a female within the population
• Rabbits that turn white more quickly than other rabbits in the population will be more likely to survive and reproduce, thus passing on this "quick changing" variation to their offspring
• Mountain goats compete with head butting for breeding rights with the females in the population
• Both low and high birth weights in human babies have increased death rates
• During the industrial revolution darker moths became more frequent in the population due to increased predation of lighter colored moths on dirty trees
• Parent giraffes that were able to stretch their necks the longest will be more likely to reproduce and will pass this longer stretched neck onto their offspring